Calculators

Calculates the boiling point elevation of a solution using the ebullioscopic constant, molality, and van't Hoff factor.

Calculates the melting point of a substance based on the provided pressure. This calculator uses a simplified model and is most accurate for substances with well-defined melting points. Note: This calculator provides estimations and should not be used for critical applications.

Calculates the relative rate of effusion of two gases using Graham's Law, which states that the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.

Convert between PPM and other concentration units like percentage, ppb, ppt, mg/kg, and mg/L (for solutions with a density close to 1 g/mL).

This calculator determines the molecular SO2 content in homemade wines, helping winemakers achieve optimal wine preservation. It supports different wine types and pH levels.

This calculator helps winemakers determine the molecular SO2 content for wine stability and provides sulfite addition recommendations based on wine type and pH levels.

Calculates the pressure, volume, temperature, or number of moles of a real gas using the van der Waals equation of state.

Calculates the root-mean-square (RMS) speed of gas molecules based on temperature and molar mass.

Calculates the fractional surface coverage (θ) based on the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, which describes the equilibrium between adsorption and desorption of a gas on a solid surface.

Calculates the theoretical yield of a chemical reaction based on the moles of the limiting reactant and the stoichiometry of the reaction.