Calculators

Calculates the mass of a substance deposited or liberated during electrolysis, based on Faraday's laws of electrolysis.

Calculates the Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG) of a reaction to determine its spontaneity. A negative ΔG indicates a spontaneous reaction, a positive ΔG indicates a non-spontaneous reaction, and a ΔG of zero indicates equilibrium.

Calculates the amounts of concentrate and water needed to achieve a specific dilution ratio.

Calculates the theoretical yield of a chemical reaction based on the moles of the limiting reactant and the stoichiometry of the reaction.

This calculator applies the combined gas law to determine the final pressure, volume, or temperature of a gas, given its initial conditions and changes in two of the three properties (pressure, volume, and temperature). The combined gas law is expressed as: (P1 * V1) / T1 = (P2 * V2) / T2

Calculates the pressure or temperature of a gas under constant volume conditions using Gay-Lussac's Law (P1/T1 = P2/T2).

Calculates the total pressure of a gas mixture using Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures.

Calculates the percent yield of a chemical reaction, which represents the efficiency of the reaction. It compares the actual yield (amount of product obtained) to the theoretical yield (maximum possible amount of product).

Calculates the number of moles from the mass of a substance and its molecular weight.

Calculates the lattice energy of an ionic compound using a simplified Born-Landé equation. This calculator provides an estimate of the energy required to separate one mole of a solid ionic compound into gaseous ions.