Calculators

Calculates the theoretical yield of a chemical reaction based on the moles of the limiting reactant and the stoichiometry of the reaction.

Calculates the electromotive force (EMF) of an electrochemical cell using the standard reduction potentials of the half-cells.

Calculates the total pressure of a gas mixture using Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures.

Calculates the lattice energy of an ionic compound using a simplified Born-Landé equation. This calculator provides an estimate of the energy required to separate one mole of a solid ionic compound into gaseous ions.

Calculates the Index of Hydrogen Deficiency (IHD), also known as the Degree of Unsaturation, which indicates the number of rings and/or pi bonds in a molecule.

Calculates the degrees of freedom (F) in a system using Gibbs' Phase Rule: F = C - P + 2, where C is the number of components and P is the number of phases.

Calculates the molarity of a solution given the number of moles of solute and the volume of the solution in liters. Also calculates mass from molarity, volume and molecular weight.

Calculates the freezing point depression of a solution using the colligative properties formula. This calculator determines the change in freezing point when a nonvolatile solute is added to a solvent.

Converts percentage concentration of a solution to molarity, given the density and molecular weight of the solute.

This calculator applies the combined gas law to determine the final pressure, volume, or temperature of a gas, given its initial conditions and changes in two of the three properties (pressure, volume, and temperature). The combined gas law is expressed as: (P1 * V1) / T1 = (P2 * V2) / T2