Calculators

Calculates the minimum speed needed for an object to escape the gravitational influence of a celestial body.

Calculates the kinetic energy of an object based on its mass and velocity.

Measures or estimates the time taken to respond to a stimulus.

Calculates the intensity or effect of something according to the inverse square law. This law states that the intensity of a phenomenon is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source.

This calculator illustrates Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle, which states that the more precisely the position of a particle is determined, the less precisely its momentum can be known, and vice versa.

Analyzes circuits containing resistors and capacitors, calculating time constants and charge/discharge behavior.

Calculates the shortening of an object's length as measured by an observer moving relative to it (Special Relativity).

Calculates the index of refraction, which is the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in a medium.

Calculates the angle of refraction of light as it passes from one medium to another, using Snell's Law. This law describes how light bends when it transitions between two different substances with varying indices of refraction.

Calculates the magnification power of a lens based on focal length or object/image distances.