Calculators

Calculates sound intensity levels in decibels (dB) or changes in dB based on power or intensity ratios.

Calculates the magnification of an image produced by a lens or mirror, based on object and image distances.

Calculates the shortening of an object's length as measured by an observer moving relative to it (Special Relativity).

Calculates the kinetic energy of an object based on its mass and velocity.

Calculates the Young's Modulus of a material, which represents its stiffness. This is the ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain.

Converts distances between light-years and other units, such as kilometers, miles, astronomical units, and parsecs.

Converts power levels between decibels relative to one milliwatt (dBm) and watts. dBm is a logarithmic unit, and this calculator helps convert it to the linear unit of watts.

Estimates the distance to galaxies based on their redshift (recessional velocity) using Hubble's constant.

Calculates the work done by a force acting over a distance. Work is calculated using the formula: W = Fd cos θ, where W is work, F is force, d is distance, and θ is the angle between the force and the direction of motion.

Calculates density as mass per unit volume (ρ = m/V).