Calculators

Convert between different forms of garlic (cloves, minced, powdered) and scale recipes accurately.

Calculates battery capacity (e.g., in mAh or Wh) based on voltage and charge/discharge characteristics.

Calculates the range of distance in a photo that appears acceptably sharp, based on focal length, aperture, subject distance, and sensor size.

Performs a Z-test to compare a sample mean to a known population mean or to compare two sample means when population variances are known.

Calculates the t-statistic, used in hypothesis testing when the population standard deviation is unknown. This calculator helps determine if the difference between a sample mean and a population mean is statistically significant.

Calculates a fielder's efficiency by dividing successful plays (putouts + assists) by total chances (putouts + assists + errors).

Compares athletic performance (e.g., race time) against world records for age and gender. This calculator provides an age-graded percentage, indicating the quality of the performance relative to the world record for that age and gender.

Calculates the capacitance of various capacitor configurations.

Calculates the shift in wavelength of light due to the Doppler effect or cosmological expansion.

Estimates the distance to galaxies based on their redshift (recessional velocity) using Hubble's constant.