Calculators

Calculates the molar ratio between two substances in a balanced chemical equation.

Converts between ares and hectares, units of area.

Calculates the estimated force needed to punch a hole in a material. This is based on the material's shear strength, the thickness of the material, and the perimeter of the hole.

Calculates the kinetic energy of an object moving at relativistic speeds, considering the effects of special relativity.

Identifies potential outliers in a dataset using the IQR * 1.5 rule (calculating fences).

Calculates the expected project duration and variance using optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely time estimates.

Calculates the Reynolds number, a dimensionless quantity that helps predict fluid flow patterns (laminar vs. turbulent).

Calculates the angle whose sine is a given number. The result is in radians.

Estimates a child's skeletal maturity (bone age) based on the Greulich & Pyle atlas, which compares an X-ray of the left hand and wrist to standard images for different ages. This calculator provides an approximation and should be used in conjunction with professional medical evaluation.

Calculates the spindle speed (RPM) and feed rate for machining operations based on cutting speed, tool diameter, and desired feed per tooth.